Preheat the oven to 450°F and line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.
Whisk the flour, baking powder, sugar, salt and garlic powder in a large bowl. Cut in the cold butter with a pastry blender or your fingertips until the pieces are about the size of peas, then toss in the shredded cheddar.
Stir the cottage cheese and cold milk together in a separate bowl, keeping the curds whole. The curds melt into soft, creamy pockets as the biscuits bake, which keeps the inside rich and tender.
Pour the cottage cheese mixture into the flour and fold with a spatula just until no dry flour remains. The dough should be thick, sticky and a little lumpy, so do not overmix.
Scoop 1/4 cup mounds of dough onto the baking sheet about 2 inches apart, making about 12 biscuits. Bake for 13-16 minutes, until golden with crisp, browned cheesy edges.
While the biscuits bake, stir together the melted butter, garlic powder, parsley and salt. Brush the garlic butter over the biscuits right out of the oven and serve warm.